Immunity to Technology Diffusion: Planned Technology and Unplanned Adaptation
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper analyzes the technology planning priorities of the government of Nepal. The analysis covers the last fifty years of the country’s planned economy at one part and examines the organizational setting for technology diffusion on the other part. An overview of national plan documents determines the planning priorities and initiatives for technology diffusion in Nepal. An examination of the organizational setting in the country identifies the congruence between the planning priorities and organizational setting in the enduring process of technology diffusion. An analysis of the response of opinion leaders from selected organizations involved in technology works/projects supplements to the analysis and conclusion of the study. This study concludes with identification of unplanned organizational setting as a structural immunity to technology diffusion in the planned economy of Nepal.
Downloads
Article Details
1. Proposal of Policy for Free Access Periodics
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 that allows the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in an institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
Proposal of Policy for Periodic that offer Postponed Free Access
Authors whom publish in this magazine should agree to the following terms:
a. Authors should keep the copyrights and grant to the magazine the right of the first publication, with the work simultaneously permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 [SPECIFY TIME HERE] after the publication, allowing the sharing of the work with recognition of the authorship of the work and initial publication in this magazine.
b. Authors should have authorization for assuming additional contracts separately, for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in this magazine (e.g.: to publish in institutional repository or as book chapter), with recognition of authorship and initial publication in this magazine.
c. Authors should have permission and should be stimulated to publish and to distribute its work online (e.g.: in institutional repositories or its personal page) to any point before or during the publishing process, since this can generate productive alterations, as well as increasing the impact and the citation of the published work (See The Effect of Free Access).
d. They allow some kind of open dissemination. Authors can disseminate their articles in open access, but with specific conditions imposed by the editor that are related to:
Version of the article that can be deposited in the repository:
Pre-print: before being reviewed by pairs.
Post-print: once reviewed by pairs, which can be:
The version of the author that has been accepted for publication.
The editor's version, that is, the article published in the magazine.
At which point the article can be made accessible in an open manner: before it is published in the magazine, immediately afterwards or if a period of seizure is required, which can range from six months to several years.
Where to leave open: on the author's personal web page, only departmental websites, the repository of the institution, the file of the research funding agency, among others.
References
ANSAB. (2011) Welcome. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources: http://www.ansab.org/
ASTLEY, G. W.; VAN DE VEN, A. H. (1983) Central Perspectives and Debates in Organization Theory. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 28, n. 2, p. 245-273.
CEDA. (2013) Introduction. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Center for Economic Development and Administration: http://www.tribhuvan-university.edu.np/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=184.
DFTQC. (2013) Brief introduction. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Department of Food Technology and Quality Control: http://www.dftqc.gov.np/
DOA. (2013) Objectives. Retrieved June 16, 2013, from Department of Agriculture: http://www.doanepal.gov.np/content.php?id=129
DOCSI. (2012) Welcome to the website of department of cottage and small industries. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Department of Cottage & Small Industries: http://www.dcsi.gov.np/dcsi_en/index.php
DOI. (2013) Introduction. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Department of Industry: http://www.doind.gov.np/
IAAS. (2013) Introduction. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.
IEDI. (2013) Objectives of IEDI. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Industrial Enterprise Development Institute: http://www.iedi.org.np/Objectives.html
IOE. (2013) Introduction. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Institute of Engineering: http://www.tribhuvan-university.edu.np/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=175
IOF. (2013) About. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Institute of Forestry: http://www.iof.edu.np/about_iof.htm
IOM. (2009) Welcome to IOM. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Institute of Medicine: http://www.iom.edu.np/
IOST. (2013) Vision and objectives. Retrieved June 20, 2013, from Institute of Science and Technology: http://www.tribhuvan-university.edu.np/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=174
JOSHI, D. R. (2007) Science and technology policy in Nepal. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Nepal S&T Policy Research Conference: www.mis.nsf.ac.lk/.../Nepal
KEGAN, R.; LASKOW LAHEY, L. (2009) Immunity to change: How to overcome it and unlock potential in yourself and your organization. Boston: Harvard Business Press.
MEDEP. (2008) What we do. Retrieved June 17, 2013, from Micro-Enterprise Development Program: http://www.medep.org.np/index.php?page=page&id=1
MOSTE. (2013) About us. Retrieved June 15, 2013, from Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment: http://moste.gov.np/ministry/about_us
NARC. (2007) About NARC. Retrieved June 19, 2013, from Nepal Agricultural Research Council: http://narc.gov.np/about/index.php#2
NAST. (2009) Objectives. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from Nepal Academy of Science & Technology: http://www.nast.org.np/page.php?id=36
NTA. (2012) Welcome to NTA website. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from Nepal Telecommunications Authority: http://www.nta.gov.np/en/home-en/12-english/page/1-welcome
PANDEY, S.; YADAMA, G. N. (1992) Community development programs in Nepal: a test of diffusion of innovation theory. Social Science Review, v. 66, n. 4, p. 582-597.
RECAST. (2013) Introduction. Retrieved June 18, 2013, from Research Center for Applied Science and Technology: http://www.tribhuvan-university.edu.np/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=187&Itemid=244
SINGH, R. M.; BHUJU, D. R. (2001) Development of science and technology in Nepal. Science, TEchnology & Society, v. 6, n. 1, p. 159-178.