Nataliia Semenyshena
Western Ukrainian National University;
State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Ukraine
E-mail:
natviksem@gmail.com.br
Oksana Radchenko
Institute of Agrarian Economics, Ukraine
E-mail:
ox73@ukr.net
Andrii Zelenskyi
State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Ukraine
E-mail:
zelenskiy2306@gmail.com
Nadiia Khocha
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail:
nadiya.khocha@lnu.edu.ua
Ulyana Pelekh
Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
E-mail:
ulyana.pelekh@lnu.edu.ua
Submission: 8/9/2021
Accept: 10/6/2021
ABSTRACT
The study of the accounting environment was conducted and proposals for improving its theory for the needs of the macro-level of management from the standpoint of institutional theories were formed. A working hypothesis is proposed on the dependence of data collection methods for financial regulation, the formation of a development strategy for the industry, the selection of the Structure of programs of state support for goods and services, and it is tested on examples of budgetary financial regulation of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. For this, the existing scientific approach and practice of information support of financial support were analysed using examples of budget programs in the agricultural sector of the economy, determination of the state and ambushes of its further development in relation to the financial condition of agricultural enterprises, the level of their accounting and financial reporting, and, accordingly, the awareness of managers concerning participation in budget programs, submission of applications that takes budget support and its effective use. The analysis of indicators in the effectiveness of budget programs is carried out in order to disclose the relationship between accounting and macroeconomic indicators in the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. The methodological approach to determining the effectiveness of budgetary support for the development of the agro-industrial complex is generalized, a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of various programs of state financial support for agricultural commodities and production sites is carried out and statistical material on the state of agriculture is processed the Impact of budgetary support on the formation of financial indicators in the agricultural sector was determined. Proposals were provided for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and improvement of the organizational mechanism functioning of the system of budgetary subsidies for agricultural goods. The main indicators of monitoring the effectiveness of state programs to support the agricultural sector have been outlined and proposals are given for improving the information support of this process, accounting tools, financial and budgetary reporting. Recommendations are given for the concentration of state financial resources on the Key Program of Budgetary Support for the development of the agricultural sector and the improvement of the organizational mechanism of functioning of the system of budget subsidies in connection with the achieved financial indicators of activity of the commodity producers formed in the accounting and information system.
Keywords: Institutional accounting; institutional theory; agrarian budget; state budget programs; financial regulation; financial reporting; Ukraine
1.
INTRODUCTION
In the context of global information
processes, the functioning and improvement of accounting is carried out as a
result of accounting for the effectiveness and selection of consistent economic
laws, with the help of which it is possible to improve the theoretical,
regulatory and methodological support of the accounting and economic processes
directly. This process is most fully revealed in the institutional theory.
It, as a kind of interdisciplinary
research platform, considering the social component, makes it possible to
identify and systematize the factors influencing the use of accounting
information in the process of financial regulation on the example of making
budget decisions. The rules and standards for the formation and collection of
information for the needs of public administration and financial regulation of
sectors of the economy are important.
2.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Accounting theory and its
relationship with public administration practice is currently at the centre of
scientific discussions. Regarding the completeness of considering the needs of
management at the level of state financial regulation, the range of studies is
quite wide. Scott (2005) argues that institutional theory fosters a combination
of historical and comparative research and provides conceptual tools to capture
and interpret the extraordinary diversity of organizations across time and space.
Covaleski and Dirsmith (1988)
investigated accounting systems for different “link of services” in budgetary
institutions, using an institutional perspective to expand the conceptual
framework for accounting for power and division of responsibility. Ridder,
Bruns & Spier (2005) note that in Germany, local governments, facing a
growing tension between declining financial security and increasing demands for
responsible management, are initiating changes in the accounting system,
introducing accrual accounting and performance budgeting.
Pozzoli and Ranucci (2013) described
the process of introducing accounting harmonization in local governments in
Italy.
Khadaroo (2005) reviewed the impact
of institutional theory on the accounting standard setting process under the UK
Private Finance Initiative. The influence of institutional factors on the
financial reporting standards of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe,
according to the findings of Albu, Albu and Gray (2020), is manifested in
benefits at the level of countries with lower quality of institutions, but with more available organizational
mechanisms than in countries with stronger institutions, which is due to higher
expectations from IFRS in others.
Scapens and Varoutsa (2010) examined accounting in
inter-organizational relations from an institutional theory perspective, noting
that in recent years this theory has had a great influence on research in
various fields of social sciences, including economics, sociology, political
science, organizational theory, public administration, as well as accounting.
Nurunnabi (2015) uncovered the
reasons for the tension between political-institutional factors and accounting regulation
in the institutional theory evolving through the use of tools. The study
contributes to understanding the influence of political forces on the
information environment of a company in a developing one. The assessment of
changes in management accounting in accordance with the approaches of
institutional theory was carried out by Guerreiro, Pereira and Frezatti (2006),
as well as Ribeiro and Scapens (2006) for disclosing two directions of
institutional research: “old institutional economics” and “new institutional
sociology”.
Information problems, viewed through
the prism of institutional theory, according to Greenwood, Suddaby and Hinings
(2002), challenge rational theories of market valuation, generating rhetorical
theory in management and communications. Agyekum and Singh (2018) investigated
how institutional and prospect theory technologies are changing accounting
processes. Guerreiro, Lima and Craig (2021) highlighted that institutional
theory has the ability to provide an in-depth understanding of the change
processes associated with the adoption and implementation of international
accounting standards by countries and organizations.
Yapa & Guah (2012) analyse how a
new public financial management system should consider the efficiency and effectiveness
of the public sector through electronic accrual accounting for greater
transparency in public sector accounting. Zimmerman, Fogarty & Jonas (2017)
pose the question of whether accounting is generally an applied discipline
through institutional information valuation theory.
The allocation of institutional in
modern accounting concepts (theory and methodology) was carried out by
Chaikovskaya (2007), pointing to the framework of changes in the institutional
environment and state economic policy that affects the institutional factors of
financial reporting. Pankov, Kozhukhov and Peshekhonov (2008) revealed an
institutional approach to accounting theory based on an analysis of
international and domestic research. Sannikova (2008) proposes to overcome the
crisis of accounting theory by applying the institutional concept of
accounting.
Polenova (2012) points out that the
updating of tools in the development of scientific and applied research in the
field of accounting is due to the use of new theoretical developments in
economic theory. Sidorova (2013) to the question of the accounting paradigm
indicates that the main object of study of this theory is the accounting
institution.
According to the research of
Ukrainian scientists, based on the sociality of accounting as a science that
develops under the influence of business, today it is not only taking into
account economic activities, but also an analytical doctrine, including all
stages from planning and forecasting activities to monitoring the effectiveness
of individual operations and all activities with the calculation of the
consequences of making managerial decisions and is inevitably influenced by
various institutions.
The foundations of the domestic
institutional theory of accounting were formed by Zhuk (2014), he revealed the
role and significance of the accounting component of economic science, analysed
the relationship between the evolution of accounting and economic theories, and
formulated the foundations of the institutional theory of accounting.
Semenyshena et al. (2020) revealed realities of
institutional approach to the development of accounting, noting that the
development of accounting is directly proportional to the development of
economic science, the application of institutional theory in practice will
allow for an effective change of institutions in order to achieve the set
strategic goals.
Vysochan and Yahvak (2017) explored
institutionalism in contemporary domestic accounting theory through historical
origins and genesis. Kantsurov (2014) investigated the institutional
segmentation of the accounting institution. Shukalovych (2014) revealed the
essence of information support for internal institutions of vertical
integration in agribusiness.
Radchenko and Koval (2016) defined
accounting support for the management of financial activities of agricultural
enterprises, which discloses the essence, principles and methodology of this
process.
Mishchenko (2019) described the
development of the institutional mechanism of state support for the
agricultural sector of Ukraine. Thus, the institutional approach provides the
key to a comprehensive understanding of the theory and practice of accounting
and communication links. The task is to study the development of the
institutional theory of accounting for the needs of financial regulation on the
example of the agricultural sector of Ukraine.
The
purpose of the article is to determine the requirements for the accounting
theory for the needs of financial regulation in terms of budgetary financing of
the agricultural sector of Ukraine by institutional analysis of factors
influencing the quality of information, the structure of budget programs,
indicators for monitoring their effectiveness.
3.
METHODOLOGY
In this study, the methods of financial theory
(composition and decomposition) were used in determining the category of budget
expenditure management, methods of comparison and statistical analysis for
disclosing the components of budget programs, determination of dependencies and
efficiency when comparing methods of information display of the control object
of the budget process, the formalization method for the selection of evaluation
indicators the effectiveness of managing the budgetary process on the basis of
institutions, the method of analysing hierarchies for disclosing the mechanism
of operation of accounting standards in the agricultural sector and expert
assessments to study foreign experience in the synergy of accounting and
information support for managing budget expenditures.
The article also used the following
methods: dialectical, abstract and logical (for theoretical research and the
formation of conclusions); statistical and monographic (for analysing the
current state of budget support); historical and logical (to determine the problems
and prospects for the further development of budget regulation through
established joint institutions with information support.
The general positive characteristics
of the institutional accounting theory include a wide range of research methods
that are not just interdisciplinary in nature, but also include an organic
approach, especially. At the same time, the application of the latter is rather
complicated, because the characteristics of the organic model are difficult to
formalize and represent in numerical terms. Therefore, there is a need for the
development of research in this direction.
The study was based on the
hypothesis of the dependence of data collection methods for financial
regulation, the formation of industry development strategy, selection of the
structure of state support programs for commodity producers, that is, the
quality of budget support directly depends on the selected information methods,
in including accounting management.
In this context, we share the
opinion of researchers, the main reasons for the formation of the institutional
theory of accounting are: the existence of interdisciplinary links between
accounting and economic theory (Polenova, 2012); adaptation of economic methods
and tools to the practice of accounting in order to solve problem situations,
the need for separate approaches in accordance with accounting practice,
focusing on the theory of institutionalism (Zhuk, 2014).
The sources of data are the official
open sites of the State Statistics of Ukraine and the OECD, the State Treasury,
the National Bank of Ukraine, regulatory documents on the regulation of
agricultural development - the Law of Ukraine on State Support of Agriculture
(2004), the annual Laws on the State Budget, as well as the Agriculture Development
Strategy Ukraine (2012).
4.
RESULTS
An important direction of economic research is the
creation of an institutional theory of accounting, within the framework of which
many important scientific problems associated with state regulation of
financial resources of the sectors of the economy can be solved. As part of the
study, it is necessary to determine what exactly the needs of government
regulation. First of all, such regulation provides for budgetary support for
the sectors of the economy.
Figure 1 shows data on the dynamics
of State budget expenditures for individual sectors in 2013-2020.
Figure 1: Dynamics of State
budget expenditures on certain sectors in 2013-2020, UAH billion
Source: Calculated according to the data of the
State Treasury of Ukraine. URL: https://www.treasury.gov.ua/ua; Radchenko etс. (2021)
The presented data indicate that the
functional division of expenditures makes it possible to reveal the proportions
in the distribution of budgetary funds.
Thus, for the period under review,
the highest level of expenditures is observed in the field of social protection
- 24-32% of total budget expenditures. Further in descending order are
education, national functions, health care, economic activity, security, and
defence. From such a structure, it follows that in Ukraine the main source of
budget consumption is the social sphere. Financing of economic activity does
not exceed 10% of the total expenditures of the consolidated budget.
Budget financing and its size are
largely determined by the state of the economy. In order to stimulate the
formation of financial resources of manufacturing industries, a certain level
of their budgetary support must be achieved, which is based on the effect that
the industry brings to national benefits. The share of the budget for economic
activity in 2020 is 13.19%, while in 2019. – 16.75%, in 2011 – 13.4%.
The transport sector is better
financed from the sectors of the economy – expenses on them increased by 150%,
and on the agricultural sector – by 86%. But in general, the growth in recent
years of spending on the economy and its industries has practically not
occurred.
Fiscal regulation, given the
possibility of spending combinations, has significant potential to influence
investment and consumer demand, as well as real GDP growth. That is, a change
in the distribution of budget expenditures entails the necessary shifts in the
sectoral structure of social production.
For an effective policy of budgetary
regulation, constant monitoring of the state of industries and their
contribution to GDP is required.
Dynamics of the volume and structure
of gross domestic product by type of economic activity for 2013-2020 was shown
in Figure 2.
Figure 2:
Dynamics of the volume and structure of gross domestic product by type of
economic activity (in prices of the previous year) for 2013-2020, billion UAH
Source:
Calculated according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine http://ukrstat.gov.ua/
Analysis of trends by industry shows
that the largest contribution to GDP in recent years has been made by the agricultural
sector. According to 2013-2020 with a confidence level of 96.5%, it can be
predicted that in the next 3 years, the annual growth of GDP produced by it
will amount to UAH 40.4 billion.
Thus, we examined the indicators
used by the management to implement financial regulation. The relationship with
accounting data can be traced in the fact that statistically collected and
processed information “Indicators of enterprises, grouped by special
aggregations provided for in Regulation (EC) No. 251/2009 of 11.03.2009 on
structural statistics of enterprises”, data for 2013-2019 are shown in Fig. 3.
It should be noted that there is practically no difference in the results of
different calculation methods (institutional and functional).
Figure 3:
Indicators of enterprises for special aggregates of activities (Commission
Regulation (EC) No. 251/2009 of 11.03.2009) in 2013-2019
Source
Calculated according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine
http://ukrstat.gov.ua/
The analysis of indicators of the
effectiveness of budget programs was conducted in order to reveal the
relationship of accounting and macroeconomic indicators of the development of
the agricultural sector of Ukraine. State support is aimed at the development
of organizational forms of agricultural enterprises, including small private
business, creating conditions for integration, in particular the development of
cooperation, equalization of sales conditions through the expansion of the
network of wholesale markets, carrying out other support measures - improving
the quality of relations with financial and credit system, expanding the access
of subjects of agricultural business to the market of financial resources.
Currently, Ukraine has formed a
support toolkit that characterizes the focus of budget financing on payments to
support production and on financing services (Table 1).
Analysis of the formation of state
support for the agricultural sector confirms certain positive shifts in the
direction of improving the conditions for providing credit support; purposeful
actions in the direction of supporting small commodity producers and
strengthening material and technical support through compensation for the cost
of machinery and equipment. At the same time, it is clearly traced that the
envisaged support programs are focused on the introduction of the land market
until it is institutionally adopted.
Table 1: Financing of
budgetary agricultural programs in 2015-2021, UAH billion
|
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
cheap loans |
0,290 |
0,086 |
0,294 |
0,265 |
0,449 |
1,005 |
1,200 |
support for farmers |
- |
- |
- |
0,048 |
0,416 |
0,032 |
0,200 |
livestock support |
0,040 |
0,030 |
0,166 |
2,393 |
2,432 |
1,039 |
1,150 |
financial support of commodity producers |
- |
- |
4,134 |
0,695 |
0,64 |
0,986 |
- |
technical support |
|
|
|
|
|
1,428 |
1,000 |
gardening support |
- |
- |
0,299 |
0,397 |
0,398 |
0,290 |
0,450 |
other programs |
0,046 |
0,087 |
0,187 |
0,435 |
0,153 |
0,227 |
0,500 |
Support, total |
0,376 |
0,203 |
5,080 |
4,233 |
4,488 |
3,968 |
4,500 |
Source:
Calculated according to the data of the State Treasury of Ukraine. URL:
https://www.treasury.gov.ua/ua
Along with a proper substantiation of programs
to support the development of animal husbandry, horticulture and vegetable
growing, the need to introduce financing for agricultural insurance support
programs, especially considering the prospects for increasing lending; in
support of irrigation given the drastic changes in climatic conditions.
The goal is for all state support
programs to generate a positive effect both in the agricultural sector and in
the country's economy. So, in the field of state support for the agricultural
sector, there is a need both to increase the volume of budgetary financing of
the agricultural sector and to improve the institutional framework for its
provision by information means.
The diversity of financing over the
years shows the lack of an integrated approach to financing agricultural
producers, which indicates a lack of certainty of general goals and low
efficiency of state regulatory influence. A Resolution of 7.04.21 was adopted,
which expands state support for agricultural producers for 2021. In the list of
budget programs to support the development of the agricultural sector, they are
divided into two parts - existing (the amount of financing for them in 2021 -
UAH 4 billion) and new (UAH 500 million), namely: state insurance of
agricultural products; support for irrigation in the south; support for organic
production; development of potato growing. It is also expected that the adopted
the Law on the Land Market No. 2178-10 will make it possible to establish
lending secured by land, to create standardized bank credit products for
farmers.
The analysis makes it possible to
find out a working hypothesis about the dependence of the industry public
administration quality from methods of data collection for financial
regulation, the formation of a strategy for the development of the industry,
the selection of the structure of programs for state support of commodity
producers on the example of budgetary financial regulation of the agricultural
sector of Ukraine.
In the stated problem, it should be
noted the insufficiency of developments aimed at developing the theory of
accounting by improving the methods of its research, for displaying data for
the needs of management. Semenyshena (2020) points out on the fact that
accounting systems are multi-vector in countries, this caused many
misunderstandings and obstacles in the process of generating income from
international transactions, became the main driving force of the International
Accounting Council (IASB) to create international financial reporting standards
(IFRS) on the issues of maintaining high-quality and reliable accounting at
enterprises.
The necessary structural analysis of
existing scientific approaches and practice of information support of financial
support on the example of budget programs in the agricultural sector of the
economy, determination of the state and foundations of further development in
relation to the financial condition of agricultural enterprises, the level of
their accounting and financial reporting, and, accordingly, the awareness of
managers to participate in budget programs, filing applications, obtaining
budget support and effective use.
Traditionally, accounting is
interpreted as an information system, the purpose of which is the collection,
systematization, processing and transmission of information. According to
Lahovska (2012), accounting is a complex, open, artificial, stochastic,
multifunctional, adaptive, dynamic, information and communication system. It
also determined that the need to improve accounting processes is an objective
reason for improving the management process due to the increase and
accumulation of information flows both in medium-sized enterprises and in the
external relation of its environment, which requires the need for their
synchronization, structuring and selection of a set of relevant data formed in
the form accounting message, provides for the use of a systemic and cybernetic
approach.
This approach to the development of
the fundamental foundations of accounting makes it possible to study in unity
the structure of the accounting system (as a conditional static object) and
management processes in relation to it and within the framework of the
enterprise management system (as a dynamic component). The unity between these
components is achieved using accounting information as a connecting link and
the main component of their communication interaction.
The institutional environment has
recently created the preconditions for a new type of accounting - the social
responsibility of entrepreneurship. Some countries, in particular France and
England, have introduced legal requirements for mandatory indicators in the
field of social reporting. Much attention is paid to the development of
analytical systems for collecting and processing information about the state of
the environment - the environmental aspects of the enterprise. These relatively
new institutions leave an imprint on the basic principles of accounting - while
remaining within their framework they complement them with specific ones.
Scientific research of the development
of the foundations of the institutional theory of accounting can be carried out
according to the following scheme (Fig. 4), based on a systematic approach.
Figure 4: Scheme
of the institutional components of accounting to service the management process
Source:
The ideas of Semenyshena (2020) are used.
Therefore, first of all, it is
necessary to rethink the principle of the function of accounting for
information support of management. In this direction the institutional approach
makes it possible to introduce into accounting its practical component for the
meso and macro levels and to analyse the deep mechanisms of its use. Excessive
requirements and overly complex forms of accounting expand the range of methods
and tools that distort the balance of financial and material resources. This is
reflected in the ability to realistically assess the financing needs of
expanded reproduction in the industry and identify areas that need government
support. Therefore, it is important to scientifically substantiate a
differentiated approach to institutional changes in the accounting system.
In particular, for modern accounting
in accordance with IFRS, traditional indicators of the agricultural sector are
becoming less and less adequate indicators of the capital of an enterprise. As
a result, as noted by scientists (Semenyshena et al., 2020), the traditional
reporting system discloses only simple business transactions - from 1/7 to 1/10
of their value.
The application of the institutional
approach should induce the modernization of the paradigm and methodological
foundations of accounting. In accounting theory, it is necessary to accelerate
the creation of methods for accounting for resources, reserves, assets, costs
and expenses, develop new methods for assessing the intangible components of
capital and value, move from collecting data on the parameters of institutional
units to innovative methods of generating information about institutional
links, relationships, transactions, etc. contracts of business entities,
including contracts on relations with the budget.
The mechanism of budgetary support
depends on subjective factors, it has not been possible to avoid all sorts of
abuses, that deepen the inequality of conditions for various forms of
management. Lending
is more efficient than other programs. Not the least role
here is played by information factors - banks independently collect data and
form a credit history, reducing their own risks and operating the data
necessary for full management. At this level,
additional approaches of banks to information manage to implement institutional
approaches.
The reason for the incomplete data
compliance of accounting with the needs of ensuring the management of financial
regulation and the fact that the purpose of accounting for agricultural
entrepreneurship is not always reduced to the goals of objectively determining
profit, this component is not controlled by external tax services and external audit, since the object of taxation is the land bank.
Therefore, accounting is at the discretion of the owners, and simplified
accounting cannot provide all the data for a strategic vision of business
processes, taking
into account the causal links between the vision of economic processes and the
role / share of public funding in them
Recommendations on the concentration
of state financial resources on key programs of budgetary support for the
development of the agricultural sector and improvement of the organizational
mechanism for the functioning of the system of budget subsidies in conjunction
with the achieved financial performance indicators of commodity producers
formed in the accounting and information system can be implemented through the
assessment of the social and economic effect (Table 2 ) by macro-indicators of
the development.
Table 2: Social and economic
effect of state support by branches and facilities of the agricultural sector
for the period 2015-2019 by macro-indicators of the development
Indicators |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2019 2015, %, + |
Number of business entities,
units |
79284 |
74620 |
76593 |
76328 |
75450 |
95,16 |
Number of employed persons,
thousand people |
2870,6 |
2866,5 |
2860,7 |
2937,6 |
3010,4 |
104,87 |
Gross value added (in actual
prices) mln UAH |
239806 |
279701 |
303949 |
361173 |
358072 |
149,32 |
Share of GVA cx,% |
14,2 |
13,8 |
12,1 |
12,0 |
10,5 |
-3,70 |
Gross domestic product (by
production method), UAH million |
558788 |
655569 |
727352 |
871971 |
866138 |
155,00 |
Agricultural production
indices,% |
95,2 |
106,3 |
97,8 |
108,2 |
101,4 |
+6,20 |
Gross value added per
employee (in 2016 prices) thousand UAH |
624 |
765 |
755 |
868 |
928 |
148,72 |
The volume of products sold,
UAH million |
362309 |
403645 |
454380 |
525096 |
556325 |
153,55 |
Net profit, UAH mln |
102849 |
90613 |
68858 |
71002 |
93255 |
90,67 |
The level of profitability
of all activities,% |
29,5 |
24,7 |
16,0 |
13,7 |
16,1 |
-13,40 |
Capital investments in sg,
UAH mln |
30155 |
50484 |
64243 |
66104 |
59130 |
196,09 |
Specific gravity,% |
11,0 |
14,1 |
14,3 |
11,4 |
9,5 |
-1,50 |
Consolidated budget
expenditures for cx, UAH billion |
5461 |
5479 |
12920 |
13880 |
14401 |
263,71 |
Share of agro in budget
expenditures,% |
0,80 |
0,65 |
1,17 |
2,12 |
1,04 |
+0,24 |
Source: according to
the State Statistics Service of Ukraine http://ukrstat.gov.ua/; Radchenko, Tulush and Hryshchenko (2021)
The main indicators for monitoring the
effectiveness of state programs to support the agricultural sector are
determined in general, and proposals are made to improve the information
support of this process by means of accounting and financial and budget
reporting. In particular, some of the requirements for increasing efficiency
are already being taken into account - a State Program for the Development of
the Agrarian Sector of the Economy until 2030 is being developed, which
substantiates the mechanism and tools for the formation of an integral system
of budget programs aimed at ensuring the expansion of the range and
availability of financial services for agricultural producers. The need for the
formation of such programs, by financing current economic activities, expanding
credit, leasing and insurance and fund levers as the range of
information support and reporting, has been determined.
The choice of the option for the
development of institutional accounting theory consists in the grounding of the
concepts aimed at
maintaining the transparency of public choice, preservation of property rights,
participation of capital in expanded reproduction and its share, formed at the
expense of public goods, certain phenomena of agricultural budget expenditures, and the like. So, institutionalism in accounting
has formed methods of analysis that are formalized, thereby creating the basis
for the genesis of accounting thought, and on the other hand, it proves the
importance of creating a unified standardization system that will adequately
assess and develop the accounting paradigm.
5.
CONCLUSIONS
A study of the accounting
environment was carried out and proposals were formed to improve its theory for
the needs of the macro-level of management from the standpoint of institutional
theory. A working hypothesis on the dependence of data collection methods for
financial regulation, formation of a strategy for the development of the
industry, selection of the structure of programs for state support of commodity
producers on the example of budgetary financial regulation of the agricultural
sector of Ukraine was confirmed.
The existing scientific approaches
and practice of information support of financial support are analysed using the
example of budget programs in the agricultural sector of the economy, determination
of the state and foundations of further development in connection with the
financial condition of agricultural enterprises, the level of their accounting
and financial reporting, and, accordingly, the awareness of managers on
participation in budget programs, submitting applications, obtaining budgetary
support and effective use.
The
analysis of indicators of the effectiveness of budget programs was conducted in
order to reveal the relationship of accounting and macroeconomic indicators of
the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine.
The methodological approaches to
determining the effectiveness of budgetary support for the development of the
agro-industrial complex are generalized, a comparative assessment of the
effectiveness of various programs of state financial support for agricultural
producers is carried out, and statistical material on the state of agriculture
is processed. The influence of budget support on the formation of financial
indicators of the agricultural sector is determined. Proposals are given on the
concentration of state financial resources on key programs of budgetary support
for the development of the agricultural sector and the improvement of the
organizational mechanism for the functioning of the system of budget subsidies
for agricultural producers. The main indicators for monitoring the
effectiveness of state programs to support the agricultural sector are
determined and proposals are made to improve the information support of this
process by means of accounting and financial and budget reporting.
Comparison of the obtained results
with the goals and objectives of the study shows that the hypotheses put
forward for the choice of priorities for state support, the selection of
indicators for assessing the effectiveness, completeness of programs, their
compliance with goals and strategies have been implemented. The practical value
of the study lies in the fact that the goal is to ensure that all government
support programs generate a positive effect both in the agricultural sector and
in the country's economy; for this, their social and economic effect is
calculated based on information accounting methods.
Prospects for further research
within the framework of the stated problem of choosing priorities and the
effectiveness of state support for the agrarian sector of Ukraine consist in
the need to develop an appropriate methodology for analysing the effectiveness
of state support programs based on information methods.
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